Determining Minimum Emergency Infrastructure Needs for Urban Earthquake Evacuation Centers in Surabaya
Keywords:
Earthquake Preparedness, Emergency Infrastructure, Evacuation Center, Disaster Response, SurabayaAbstract
Urban earthquake preparedness requires evacuation centers that are not only physically available but also supported by adequate emergency infrastructure during the response phase. This study determines the minimum emergency infrastructure needs for urban earthquake evacuation centers in Surabaya, Indonesia. The research used a qualitative approach through content analysis, based on in-depth interviews with stakeholders involved in disaster emergency response and supported by institutional data and literature. The findings show that emergency infrastructure required during the earthquake response phase consists of ten main components: transportation, clean water, electricity, telecommunication, sanitation and solid waste, health facilities, fire safety facilities, evacuation and shelter centers, emergency operation centers, and economic recovery facilities. The readiness assessment indicates an uneven condition. Telecommunication infrastructure had the highest readiness level, while evacuation centers, emergency operation centers, health facilities, electricity networks, and economic recovery facilities were categorized at low readiness levels. Therefore, evacuation centers require minimum support in the form of temporary shelters, field kitchens, sleeping equipment, emergency posts, logistics storage, health services, backup electricity, sanitation, and recovery facilities. This study highlights the need to strengthen evacuation centers as functional emergency infrastructure rather than merely designated shelter locations.
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